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Arranged Marriage vs Love Marriage - 1619 Words

Argumentative Essay Arranged Marriage Vs Love Marriage Marriage is a relationship that bind of a spouse in formal event and registered by law as to declare a husband and wife. Marriage is key to form a family into larger as a basic unit in social system. Marriage also bind of the emotional relationship where both spouse are sharing their life together as to form a family. It is the joining of two people in a bond that putatively lasts until death, but unfortunately in a real life is increasingly end up by a divorce. As to discuss about the topic above, it depends on the national tradition and religion custom. In most, though not all primitive societies are practicing the marriage as to decide who is the best for their children, or†¦show more content†¦The relationship is already built up before marriage. They might be coupled for many years and perhaps from the same secondary school previously. So, when they get married, there is nothing much to discover. There is nothing much to share and discuss about. They have already spent many years together before marriage. Hence, there is nothing different with the life after marriage. This is why most of the love marriage seems to be fragile. Notwithstanding, arranged marriage is the best option because life after marriage is a journey to get know each other and discover something new. It may be like roller coaster at the beginning of the marriage, but frankly it getting more interesting. Just like riding a roller coaster, you ve never ridden before, you can t know what it really feels like until you ride it on and then you’ll absolutely enjoy it. Arranged marriage has a strong family support, where the bound between both families is strong enough to defend the marriage until the end of life. Both spouse family have already decided and accept them into their family, so there will be less problems occurs in the future. Compared to the love marriage, sometimes it seems not fair between both family when they have to make a decision. Moreover, arranged marriag e got the psychological support from people around them, they tend to be less pressure after marriage because most of the people surround them are supporting the marriage. This can prevent themShow MoreRelatedLove Marriage vs Arranged Marriage!635 Words   |  3 Pagesplayed a vital role in changing the perception of the Indian mind. Love marriage is supposed to provide freedom and more independence as compared to arranged marriages where the girl/boy is chosen by the parents. The usual question of love marriage voters against arranged one is that how can anyone marry the person whom they don’t know? Amid popular love lore like Soni Mahiwal, India always had a long tradition of arranged marriages. With the advent of the British and the subsequent introductionRead MoreEssay on Love vs. Arranged Marriage1699 Words   |  7 PagesMarriage has been described as one of the oldest and most enduring human institutions however the reasons for marrying have varied extensively from period to period and culture to culture. In many cases marrying was predominantly an economic decision which determined the suitor that the family could find for the daughter. In some cultures a mans wealth was based on the size of his harem or the number of spouses that he maintained while in other cultures a young womans family was expected to giveRead MoreArranged Marriages Should Not Be Lawful1128 Words   |  5 Pageshealth, to love and to cherish, until we are parted by death. This is my solemn vow.† In an arranged marriage, two complete strangers come together by family, religion, or ethics to bec ome spouses. Stating these meaning packed words, the two vow lives to one another while barely knowing the other. Yet, that is whom the parents have chosen, so that is whom the person must wed. When this takes place self-choice becomes eliminated and God-given rights become invisible. Arranged marriages should notRead MoreA Midsummer Night s Dream By William Shakespeare1026 Words   |  5 Pagestime arranged marriages were the norm in several societies. In the comedy, A Midsummer Night’s Dream by William Shakespeare, Hermia is in love with Lysander, but her father wants her to marry Demetrius. She escapes into the woods with Lysander. Just like Hermia, many people around the world are forced to marry someone that their parents choose for them. Love marriage vs. Arranged marriage is always a debated topic. While there are instances of love marriages working out, there are arranged marriagesRead MoreThe Immigrant Advantage By Claudia Kolker878 Words   |  4 Pagescultural tr adition of arranged marriages brought by South Asian immigrants to the United States. Kolker agrues that arranged marriages are much more effective in finding a spouse than traditional marriages. Kolker believes that this tradition of assistive marriage should be adopted by Americans. Research and studies have shown that â€Å"women in arranged marriages rated the highest marital status† (Kolker, 71) compared to couples who have arranged marriages. Arranged marriage is great for individualsRead MoreArranged Marriage vs. Free-choice Marriage Faizan Sadiq1614 Words   |  7 PagesArranged Marriage vs. Free-choice MarriageHappy marriages begin when we marry the ones we love, and they blossom when we love the ones we marry (Tom Mullen, 2005, p.1). It is argued that free-choice marriages based on love or romance, offer more independence and freedom as compared to arranged marriages where the man and woman are chosen by the parents and so there is pressure and is not so suitable and independent. However, no marriage is necessarily an ideal sort of marriage. Therefore, it becomesRead MoreA Midsummer Night s Dream By William Shakespeare1349 Words   |  6 Pagesnumerous depictions of love and romance. In his play, one of the most apparent perspectives of love is that genuine love is a force so powerful, that it can not be imitated, replicated or enforced. One of the most profound examples of forced love in the play is exhibited through the relationship between Hermia and Demetrius, two Athenians who are being forced to be married by Hermia’s father, Egeus. In their relationship, only one of the parties is consenting to this arranged marriage: Demetrius. AlthoughRead More Arranged Marriages Essay1105 Words   |  5 Pages Arranged Marriages What is an arranged marriage? Well in the Webster’s dictionary it is defined as a marriage where the marital partners are chosen by others based on considerations other than the pre-existing mutual attraction of the partners. This habit has been very common in noble families, especially in reigning ones, at the scope of combining and perhaps enforcing the respective strengths of originary families (and kingdoms) of the spouses. A relevant part of history has been influencedRead MoreMy Big Fat Greek Wedding1243 Words   |  5 Pagesdid not want her to go to school. He wanted her to find a nice Greek man and make Greek babies. Eventually Toula was able to go to school and she began to have a more positive outlook on life. One day she met a man, Ian Miller, who she soon fell in love with. They soon decided to get married and in the course and preparing for their wedding, many comical interactions take place between the couple, Toula’s big Greek family, and Ian’s small family. In the end, the wedding is successful and both familiesRead MoreMarriage Is The Formal Union Of A Man And A Woman1661 Words   |  7 PagesMarriages in Different Cultures Introduction The official definition of marriage is â€Å" the formal union of a man and a woman, typically recognized by law, by which they become husband and wife.† In the United States, a marriage between man and woman, man and man, and woman and woman is recognizable. It is a union between two people who vow to stay with each other through thick and thin. They have many expectations and hope for the best. In different cultures, marriages are performed in different

Homosexuality in America in Reference to Cat Free Essays

These accusations were made by people such as John Clue and Nicholas De Jingo. Shackled suggests that these critics didn’t take into account that writers and their work would have been rejected or censored. (Shackled; 1998). We will write a custom essay sample on Homosexuality in America in Reference to Cat or any similar topic only for you Order Now Gay men and women were subject of Senator McCarty Witch’ hunts during the ass, they were considered by the government as security risks. The government accused homosexuals as potential acting as spies who would betray them as this type of lifestyle was UN-American. (Shackled; 1998). Homosexuals were also seen as communists, and during the witch hunt in the asses they were prosecuted, even thou proof. Government officials were fired from their jobs. This was known as McCarthy. (Shackled; 1998). â€Å"Inspired by McCarthy, a legislative committee sought to rid Florida of any perceived homosexual, for being gay was not only perversion of the highest magnitude but, more importantly, also tantamount to being a traitor† (Shackled; 1998). During the time that Williams wrote ‘Cat on a Hot Tin Roof’ being gay was one of the worst crimes that someone could commit. Homosexuality was also considered as a mental illness, which meant that anyone ho was open about their gay lifestyle was immediately seen as ‘abnormal. ‘ This meant that the medical procedure known as a Lobotomy could be performed in order to cure homosexuality. These procedures went ahead despite Sigmund Fried’s claims that homosexuality was ‘neither an asset nor a liability. ‘ (Shackled; 1998). In ‘Cat on a Hot Tin Roof It Is clear that Skipper was a gay man. He drank himself to death after admitting his love for Brick, and falling to prove that he wasn’t when sleeping with Maggie. Alcohol becomes the means by which both the gay or quasi- ay male characters, Skipper and Brick, run from their inner selves. Skipper is portrayed as a disturbed but clearly homosexual man whose love and admiration for Brick are such that he cannot face the truth Maggie helps reveal to him. † (Shackled; 1998). Skipper is a key role In this play, despite b eing dead before It begins. How to cite Homosexuality in America in Reference to Cat, Papers

Implementation of WHO Multimodal Strategy †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Implementation of WHO Multimodal Strategy. Answer: Introduction Hand Hygiene can be described as the five key initiatives those have been set for the safety of the patients by the world Alliance for patients. According to the World Health Organization The goal of Clean Care is Safer Care is to ensure that infection control is acknowledged universally as a solid and essential basis towards patient safety and supports the reduction of Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAI) and their consequences (WHO, 2017). There are various types of infection those are capable of encountering the patients and could be stopped by effective compliance of Hand Hygiene (HH) within the medical care premises. In manner to make it happen, proper education, guidance, training, methodologies are the crucial objectives. This report presents critical evaluation of ten articles presented on the hand hygiene compliance by different areas and putting emphasis on different sectors of the hand hygiene compliance. Following report presents a thorough research on ten papers propos ed on the relative topic related to the compliance of hand hygiene within intensive health care facilities. The articles were chosen in manner that second article eliminates the limitations of the first article and add additional information related to the processes that could help in enhancing the efficiency of the hand hygiene compliance. Regarding all the facts and aspects presented by all the authors, it can be reported that proper education and training are the possible keys for the compliance of hand hygiene within the intensive health care facilities with complete efficiency. Many articles were popped up while searching hand hygiene compliance on Google Scholar and IEEE Explorer websites. There were hundreds of articles related to the hand hygiene among which fifteen articles have been chosen for this research paper. Among them ten articles those were strongly related to the topic were chosen and based on that critical evaluation on those papers has been proposed in this paper. The very first article stated about the RFID based monitoring station on the hand hygiene compliance which could be helpful for maintaining and monitoring healthy environment. In this paper Meydanci et al. (2013) introduced the beneficial aspects related to the Hand Hygiene (HH) and how the system could be implemented to the current monitoring devices and systems using badges or wrist bands in manner to control the users. This paper presents a thorough research on the RF-ID based electronic devises those are user friendly in nature and could be implemented within the existing system of the medicals in manner to enhance the monitoring capabilities. The system that has been introduced in this paper introduces a wearable, wristband with passive RF-ID technology, with software that could be helpful in measuring the rate of the Hand Hygiene compliance and a wall mounted dispenser (Haque et al. 2017). Based on the research made in the paper, it can be stated that technologies like RF-ID im plemented within the wristbands could be helpful in ensuring the hand hygiene compliance with higher efficiency than any other monitoring system. There were certain limitations of the technology, which includes that system is incapable of detecting whether the caregiver needs to perform the HH procedure or not. Other article was presented by Johnson, Tsouri Walsh (2012) this was an upgrade of the research made in the first paper that ensures measuring of the compliance of HH with RF-ID technology along with the finite state machines. The paper presented a prototype and a noble method that have been developed in manner to measure the health hygiene compliance within the medical hospitals. The technology that is being proposed in this paper is based on alliance framework between the RGHS (Rochester General Health System) and RIT (Rochester Institute of Technology) named under RIT-RGHS Alliance. This technology can be stated as the upgrade version of the technology stated in the above paragraph in which RFID technology has been implemented with the data processing through using FSM (Finite State Machine). The alliance with the RGHS provided an option for the researcher in manner to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of the presented technology (Sickbert et al., 2016). This technology h elped in coping up with the limitations those have been identified in the previous technology and was proved to be reliable and also helpful in calculating the trends and probability of the compliance. Although, it can be stated as an important factor, the research presented a limited data of the rate of the compliances of the staffs working in the hospital system under the procedure of HH process that resulted in the low rate of the compliance. Next article was chosen for raising the awareness of HH in different environments. Three systems have been proposed in this research paper, among which system 1 and system 2 have been proposed with same application design. The first system was composed of the data about the usage of antiseptic containers and number of the users, which have been transmitted wirelessly for the processing in the computer. The second system was composed of the data those have been transmitted and recorded via wired connection for the processing in the computer. Both the systems were evaluated on the activities recorded at the hospital and a universal cafeteria through the system 1 and 2 respectively. The need for the hand antiseptics was reported by most of the users and the numbers of users practicing the hand antiseptics were increased significantly. The third system was all about using AR technology after the evaluation of both the systems 1 and 2 (Asai et al., 2013). The research made in the paper wa s sufficient for revealing that most of the users do not recognize the importance of hand antiseptics in the environments those include public spaces such as public hall and other public places. The numbers of users practicing the hand antiseptics in an open environment are not more than the users, practicing the hand antiseptics in a closed environment. Hugonnet, Perneger Pittet, (2002) presented an article that presents an effective way for improving the compliance with the HH through alcohol-based handrub in intensive care units. The primary objective of this report was to present a measure that could be helpful in minimizing the rate of infection that has been spreading with higher rate within intensive care units. This report presents how such types of infection spreading rate could be minimized with the effective compliance of hand-hygiene within the care units. The research methodology was based on the seven surveys those have been implemented in the promotional campaign after putting base in the surgical, pediatric, and medical intensive care units (Chen et al., 2016). The main purpose was to measure the compliance of the hand-hygiene through hand-rubbing and hand-washing using alcohol. Based on the research and survey made by the authors, it can be reported that the intervention was helpful in inducing sustained and marked increase in the compliance with the hand hygiene through alcohol-based handrub and hand wash. The paper introduces how less-time consuming hand wash could be replaced in the intensive care units with the standard hand washing. This also introduces how it could be helpful in coping up with the time constraints. Mahfouz, El Gamal Al-Azraqi, (2013)presented a report with the purpose to measure the degree of the compliance with hand hygiene practices in the intensive care facilities among the health care workers at ACH (Aseer Central Hospital) that was located in south-western Saudi Arabia. It was introduced in the paper that proper education and training are the important objectives related to the compliance of hand hygiene within the hospitals or other clinic units. The purpose of the study was to determine the measurement of the degree of hand hygiene compliance in the intensive health care at Aseer Central Hospital (ACH) among the Health Care Workers (HCWs). It was being concluded by the authors that non-compliance with the guidelines related to the hand hygiene can be represented as a universal problem. Erasmus et al. (2010) reported that in manner to develop successful interventions, it is necessary to do a thorough research about the behavioral determinants of the non-compliance relate d to the hand hygiene. Based on the findings made by the researchers, it can be concluded that education related to the awareness program and training about hand hygiene can be used for the effective and efficient compliance of hand hygiene compliance within the intensive medical care facilities. ACH was the chosen case for the evaluation of the implementation that helped them in getting efficient results related to the compliance of hand hygiene within intensive medical care facilities. Slamon et al. (2014) also shows their interest on the related topic and presented a research report on the compliance of hand hygiene among the HCWs in Vietnam hospitals. It was reported by the authors that washing hands with some antiseptics or soap is a general practice in the Vietnamese hospitals. This could be the best approach, if the tap water that is being supplied for such type of use were pure and clean. The risk of hand contamination has been introduced in the report and those have been compared with the efficacy of five common hygiene methods that was practiced within the tertiary Vietnamese hospitals (Samore Harbarth, 2017). It was observed by the authors that HCWs were carrying various bacteria even without having direct contact with the patients, on their hand. Various steps have been stated in the report among which emphasis was put on the ABHR that could be helpful in overcoming the effects of high bacterial quantity in the contaminated water while indicating the han d-wash using water and soap. Another article that has been proposed for this research put emphasis on the research made at eight hospitals in the United States with specific concentration on the causes of Noncompliance. In this research paper presented by Chassin, Mayer and Nether (2015), eight hospitals were chosen for the research on the compliance of hand hygiene within medical areas and attempt was made to introduce the left factors those were hidden in previous researches. The chosen eight hospitals together used Six Sigma, change management, and lean methods in manner to make the measurement of the noncompliance of hand hygiene within those hospitals. The authors also presented the causes that were main reasons behind lack of efficiency in compliance of HH. In manner to sustain enhanced level of performance test interventions have also been proposed in this report that could be helpful in assessing the major causes (Deyneko, 2016). Various methodologies have been used in manner to identify the root of the spread of diseases and based on that it was proposed that noncompliance of the hand hygiene is due to the improper monitoring and not using appropriate antibiotics for the preventions. Based on these activities qualitative data had been proposed that helped in learning that hand hygiene is a concerning topic and proper education and training is needed in manner to improve the compliance of hand hygiene within the hospitals. Next article is based on the targeting globally the compliance of hand hygiene and improving the hand hygiene practices. Allegendry et al. (2012) spent a long time in researching the practices related to the compliance of hand hygiene in the world wide. They have expressed compliance as the proportion of predefined opportunities met by hand-hygiene actions (i.e., hand washing or hand rubbing). WHO made the vast donation in manner to make the research possible and researchers were able to make the findings. This research helped in understanding that it can be put on the top most concern of the global issues and should be given concern in manner to enhance the safety of the patients (Shen et al., 2017). Even using soap and antiseptics does not eliminate the possibilities of infection to the patients or the care workers who are involved in the medical section. Despite of direct contact there are many mediums through which bacteria can be spread to the individuals related to the hospital s or any other medical cares including patients, nurses, and doctors. However, proper education, practices, training and monitoring could be helpful in overcoming such sort of issues. This was also reported in this paper that after the awareness program the rate of compliance of hand hygiene was improved. Uneka et al. (2014) also presented their concern related to the hand hygiene compliance and presented a research in Nigerian hospital. They presented an example how safety practices provided through training and education could be helpful in enhancing the compliance of hand hygiene within the intensive health cares. It is very important that the efficiency of compliance of hand hygiene is much high in manner to guarantee safety for the patients. This research presented the positive results of the practices made by the WHO hand hygiene guidelines. Teaching hospitals were chosen for the research in manner to find the root cause of such less efficiency. Based on the findings and research, authors concluded that compliance of hand hygiene could be enhanced and practiced in effective manner through using the tools and guidelines presented by WHO hand hygiene program. It can also be said that practicing hand hygiene methodologies introduced by WHO could be helpful in ensuring proper safety for the patients and the care workers with low-income expenditure. The most recent article related to the topic was presented by Mert and Reza (2017), that presents a monitoring system on the compliance of hand hygiene that was based on internet of things (latest and much advanced technology). This paper presents a system prototype of stations for the hand hygiene stations those have been based on IoT (Internet of Things) and WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) technologies in manner to monitor the rate of compliance of hand hygiene. This is much advanced monitoring system with cloud implementation, completely different from the monitoring systems presented in the above report. This system could be helpful in ensuring the enhancement of hand hygiene compliance rate with proper monitoring and alarming system (Hwang, Kim Rho, 2016). Before presenting it to the world, various tests and evaluation had been already made on the efficiency of the system and resulted in the boon for the medical sectors. Conclusion Based on the above report it can be concluded that compliance of hand hygiene is a concerning topic for the medical sectors as till now efficiency has not been reached to 100%. All the ten articles presented on the above report have different topics related to the hand hygiene compliance however; ultimate goal for each author was to make hospitals free from any of the infections that could be spread by such small negligence. Monitoring can be a better approach as stated in most of the papers. All the paper suggests that proper education and training are the best measures that could ensure the compliance of hand hygiene with complete efficiency. Despite of transparent result, it can be stated that all the authors were lack in describing all the factors and presented research findings without the factor of environmental spreading. On the other hand every research was focusing on the safety of the patients only however, it can be stated that a healthy person might also get infected thro ugh those bacteria and should also be given consideration. Every researchers were either focusing on the monitoring or practices, it can be recommended that indulging both the topics in a single research could result in effective and efficient compliance of hand hygiene within the intensive health care facilities. References: Allegranzi, B., Gayet-Ageron, A., Damani, N., Bengaly, L., McLaws, M. L., Moro, M. L., ... Donaldson, L. (2013). Global implementation of WHO's multimodal strategy for improvement of hand hygiene: a quasi-experimental study. The Lancet infectious diseases, 13(10), 843-851. Asai, T., Kanazawa, A., Hayashi, H., Minazuki, A. (2013, December).Development of a system to raise awareness of hand hygiene in various environments.InSignal-Image Technology Internet-Based Systems (SITIS), 2013 International Conference on(pp. 924-931).IEEE. Bal, M., Abrishambaf, R. (2017, March). A system for monitoring hand hygiene compliance based-on Internet-of-Things. In Industrial Technology (ICIT), 2017 IEEE International Conference on (pp. 1348-1353).IEEE. Chassin, M. R., Mayer, C., Nether, K. (2015). Improving hand hygiene at eight hospitals in the United States by targeting specific causes of noncompliance.The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety, 41(1), 4-12. Chen, P., Yuan, T., Sun, Q., Jiang, L., Jiang, H., Zhu, Z., ...Xu, A. (2016). Role of quality control circle in sustained improvement of hand hygiene compliance: an observational study in a stomatology hospital in Shandong, China. Antimicrobial Resistance Infection Control, 5(1), 54. Deyneko, A., Cordeiro, F., Berlin, L., Ben-David, D., Perna, S., Longtin, Y. (2016).Impact of sink location on hand hygiene compliance after care of patients with Clostridium difficile infection: a cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases, 16(1), 203. Erasmus V, Daha TJ, Brug H, Richardus JH, Behrendt MD, Vos MC, et al. Systematic review of studies on compliance with hand hygiene guidelines in hospital care. Infect Control HospEpidemiol 2010;31:28394. Haque, A., Guo, M., Alahi, A., Yeung, S., Luo, Z., Rege, A., ... Platchek, T. (2017). Towards Vision-Based Smart Hospitals: A System for Tracking and Monitoring Hand Hygiene Compliance.arXiv preprint arXiv:1708.00163. Hugonnet, S., Perneger, T. V., Pittet, D. (2002). Alcohol-based handrub improves compliance with hand hygiene in intensive care units.Archives of internal medicine,162(9), 1037-1043. Hwang, Y. M., Kim, M. G., Rho, J. J. (2016). Understanding Internet of Things (IoT) diffusion: Focusing on value configuration of RFID and sensors in business cases (20082012).Information Development,32(4), 969-985. Johnson, R., Tsouri, G. R., Walsh, E. (2012).Continuous and automated measuring of compliance of hand-hygiene procedures using finite state machines and RFID.IEEE Instrumentation Measurement Magazine,15(2). Mahfouz, A. A., El Gamal, M. N., Al-Azraqi, T. A. (2013). Hand hygiene non-compliance among intensive care unit health care workers in Aseer Central Hospital, south-western Saudi Arabia.International Journal of Infectious Diseases,17(9), e729-e732. Meydanci, M. A., Adali, C., Ertas, M., Dizbay, M., Akan, A. (2013, November). RFID based hand hygiene compliance monitoring station. InControl System, Computing and Engineering (ICCSCE), 2013 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 573-576). IEEE. Salmon, S., Truong, A. T., Nguyen, V. H., Pittet, D., McLaws, M. L. (2014). Health care workers' hand contamination levels and antibacterial efficacy of different hand hygiene methods used in a Vietnamese hospital.American journal of infection control,42(2), 178-181. Salmon, S., Truong, A. T., Nguyen, V. H., Pittet, D., McLaws, M. L. (2014). Health care workers' hand contamination levels and antibacterial efficacy of different hand hygiene methods used in a Vietnamese hospital. American journal of infection control, 42(2), 178-181. Samore, M., Harbarth, S. (2017). Methodological Issues in Hand Hygiene Science. Hand Hygiene: A Handbook for Medical Professionals, 36-41. Shen, L., Wang, X., An, J., An, J., Zhou, N., Sun, L., ... Liu, X. (2017). Implementation of WHO multimodal strategy for improvement of hand hygiene: a quasi-experimental study in a Traditional Chinese Medicine hospital in Xian, China. Antimicrobial Resistance Infection Control, 6(1), 98. Sickbert-Bennett, E. E., DiBiase, L. M., Willis, T. M. S., Wolak, E. S., Weber, D. J., Rutala, W. A. (2016). Reduction of healthcare-associated infections by exceeding high compliance with hand hygiene practices. Emerging infectious diseases, 22(9), 1628. Uneke, C. J., Ndukwe, C. D., Oyibo, P. G., Nwakpu, K. O., Nnabu, R. C., Prasopa-Plaizier, N. (2014). Promotion of hand hygiene strengthening initiative in a Nigerian teaching hospital: implication for improved patient safety in low-income health facilities. The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 18(1), 21-27. Wetzker, W., Bunte-Schnberger, K., Walter, J., Pilarski, G., Gastmeier, P., Reichardt, C. (2016). Compliance with hand hygiene: reference data from the national hand hygiene campaign in Germany. Journal of Hospital Infection, 92(4), 328-331. Who.int. World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines on hand hygienein health care.[Online]. Available: https://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2009/who_ier_psp_2009.07_eng.pdf. [Accessed: 12-Jan-2017].